Opportunity and Challenge of Malaysian Beef Industry

The beef consumption patterns in Malaysia have demonstrated a significant growth over the last several decades (Johari Jasmi, 2009). The change has been facilitated by a number of factors such as the growth of the national GDP per capita and globalization that increased the demand for mean-based proteins the diet and various convenience foods (Johari Jasmi, 2009; Victoria University, n. d.).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Opportunity and Challenge of Malaysian Beef Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Even though the production of livestock is one of the biggest industries in Malaysia, the overall demand for beef of the country’s population is rather high and requires products imported from all around the world (Loh, n. d.; Mohamed, Hosseini, Kamarulzaman, 2013). The challenges and opportunities presented by the challenges faced by the Malaysian beef industry are worth studying as this ca n help the country develop its international trading relations and address the potential threats to Malaysia and its population. This paper discusses six studies exploring this subject starting with statistical data, outlining the threats and opportunities, and providing a comparison of the beef industry of Malaysia with those of the USA and Scotland. Some of the concepts and terms that are going to be used in this paper are GDP per capita, cattle, import, livestock, self-sufficiency, beef production. Literature Review The study by Johari and Jasmi (2009) called â€Å"Breeds and Breeding Program for Beef Production in Malaysia† explored the inadequacy between the demand and production of beef in Malaysia from the point of view of the weak development of the livestock industry in the country. The authors maintained that increasing the number of the quality breeding stock and improving the breeding system will help Malaysia gain more self-sufficiency in this area. Further, the study by Mohamed, Hosseini, Kamarulzaman (2013) titled â€Å"Analysis of Malaysian Beef Industry in Peninsular Malaysia under Different Importation Policies Scenarios and Rate Management Systems† addresses the lack of domestically produced beef in Malaysia from the perspective of low commercialization of the beef industry. The authors of this paper state that attracting more private sector investments into the beef production field will speed up its development and make it more efficient.  Next, the article by Loh (n. d.) called â€Å"Livestock production and the feed industry in Malaysia† emphasizes the important of the livestock subsectors for Malaysian economy. The author discusses the existing impact of the private sector participation and its positive outcomes such as steady growth in the production of poultry and pig while the cattle-breeding branch is in stagnation. The author’s proposed solution is the increase of beef subsector’s competitivene ss not only on domestic but also on the global arena.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The study by Victoria University (n. d.) titled â€Å"Imports of Beef into Malaysia Demand Analysis to Assist Australian Export Decisions† underlines the speeding up import patterns of Malaysian beef subsector that have been affected by the national GDP per capita growth. The information provided by this study can be synthesized with that in the article by Mintert, Schroeder, Brester and Feuz (n. d.) called â€Å"Beef Industry Challenges Opportunities† exploring the livestock production in the USA. The study demonstrates how the United States managed to stimulate their beef production through the attraction of the private sector into cattle-breeding and farming and to increase the beef production per cow through the focused breeding practices. The report of the Quali ty Meat Scotland (2012) emphasizes that some of the main contemporary challenges faces by meat producing industries are the changing norms of the environmental safety and the shortage of the available lands. Own Idea and Previous Research The attraction of private sector capitals is the best way to maximize the revenues and productivity of the beef industry in Malaysia. For that, a crafted promotion of the industry needs to be employed. Since the demand for beef is very high, the producers would be likely to gain huge income domestically. Besides, this would minimize the money the state spends buying mean from abroad and increase the GDP per capita even more improving the country’s economy. Gaps in Knowledge Farming industries are known to be some of the most active environment polluters. The level of the potential pollution of the soil, air, and water caused by the growing beef subsector in Malaysia is currently unexplored. Knowing how serious the global environment policies are these days, it would be wise to calculate the possible threats to the rapid development of farming in the country. Besides, one more factor worth studying is the lands available for farming in Malaysia, since cattle-breeding industries require large territories. Conclusion The studies focused on the geography of Malaysia, and the areas suitable for the future farm building are needed to fill in the gap in knowledge mentioned above. Moreover, the evaluation of the potential environmental impact by means of comparing those of the other countries is likely to provide information concerning the level of the potential pollution.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Opportunity and Challenge of Malaysian Beef Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The policies directed at the minimization of the pollution through the design of rules at the initial stages of beef industry development would help Malaysia gai n more self-sufficiency in this field without harming the environment and population. Reference List Johari, J. A. Jasmi, Y. (2009). Breeds and Breeding Program for Beef Production  in Malaysia. Web. Loh, T. C. (n. d.). Livestock production and the feed industry in Malaysia. Web. Mintert, J., Schroeder, T. C., Brester G. W., and Feuz, D. (n. d.). Beef Industry  Challenges Opportunities. Web. Mohamed, Z. Hosseini, A. Kamarulzaman, N. (2013). Analysis of Malaysian Beef  Industry in Peninsular Malaysia under Different Importation Policies Scenarios and Rate Management Systems. Pertanika Journals Social Sciences Humanities, 21(5), 1-16. Quality Meat Scotland. (2012). Challenges and opportunities facing the Scottish beef  industry. Web. Victoria University. (n. d.). Imports of Beef into Malaysia Demand Analysis to Assist  Australian Export Decisions. Web.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This research paper on Opportunity and Challenge of Malaysian Beef Industry was written and submitted by user Jasper Q. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Definition and Examples of Gender (Sociolinguistics)

Definition and Examples of Gender (Sociolinguistics) In sociolinguistics and other social sciences, gender refers to sexual identity in relation to culture and society. The ways in which words are used can both reflect and reinforce social attitudes toward gender. In the U.S., the interdisciplinary study of language and gender was initiated by linguistics professor  Robin Lakoff in her book  Language and Womans Place (1975). Etymology From Latin, race, kind Example and Observations It is quite clear that language use and the use of language are inseparablethat over generations and centuries, peoples constant talking deposits cultural beliefs and ideas in the medium of communication. At the same time, the weight of the linguistics system constrains the kinds of things we say and the ways we say them.   (Penelope Eckert and Sally McConnell-Ginet, Language and Gender, 2nd ed. Columbia University Press, 2013)  Ã‚   Language Use and Social Attitudes Toward Gender [T]here is now a greater awareness in some parts of the community that subtle, and sometimes not so subtle, distinctions are made in the vocabulary choice used to describe men and women. Consequently, we can understand why there is a frequent insistence that neutral words be used as much as possible, as in describing occupations e.g., chairperson, letter carrier, salesclerk, and actor (as in Shes an actor). If language tends to reflect social structure and social structure is changing, so that judgeships, surgical appointments, nursing positions, and primary school teaching assignments are just as likely to be held by women as men (or by men as women), such changes might be expected to follow inevitably. . . . However, there is still considerable doubt that changing waitress to either waiter or waitperson or describing Nicole Kidman as an actor rather than as an actress indicates a real shift in sexist attitudes. Reviewing the evidence, Romaine (1999, pp. 312-13) concludes that attit udes toward gender equality did not match language usage. Those who had adopted gender-inclusive language did not necessarily have a more liberal view of gender inequalities in language.   (Ronald Wardhaugh, An Introduction to Sociolinguistics, 6th ed. Wiley, 2010) Doing Gender It is apparent that when friends talk to each other in single-sex groups, one of the things that is being done is gender. In other words, the fact that female speakers mirror each others contributions to talk, collaborate in the co-narration of stories and in general use language for mutual support needs to be considered in terms of the construction of femininity. For many men, by contrast, connection with others is accomplished in part through playful antagonisms, and this ties in with mens need to position themselves in relation to dominant models of masculinity.    (Jennifer Coates, Gender. The Routledge Companion to Sociolinguistics, ed. by Carmen Llamas, Louise Mullany, and Peter Stockwell. Routledge, 2007) A Highly Fluid Social Category Like language, gender as a social category has come to be seen as highly fluid, or less well defined than it once appeared. In line with gender theory more generally, researchers interested in language and gender have focused increasingly on plurality and diversity amongst female and male language users, and on gender as performativesomething that is done in context, rather than a fixed attribute. The whole notion of gender, and identity in general is challenged when this is seen, rather like language itself, as fluid, contingent and context-dependent. This is mainly an alternative theoretical conception of gender, though there are also suggestions that identities are loosening so that in many contexts people now have a wider range of identity options.   (Joan Swann, Yes, But Is it Gender? Gender Identity and Discourse Analysis, ed. by Lia Litosseliti and Jane Sunderland. John Benjamins, 2002)

Effective Managing Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Effective Managing Systems - Essay Example As a result, when the activities are already set to be done, the situation is simply controlled by those who know what is going on. Other officers become left-out in the air and the situation becomes tough for them as they act as though they know what is happening when actually they don't. The tension between the officers themselves stretches out to the members of the organization pulling down the unity of each team and brings down their activities to nearly "zero" results. The symbolic frame emphasizes the concept of culture as a central role in leadership. Leaders should know they must work simultaneously on staff needs and skills, on goals and roles and the dynamics of political power and conflict. But there is something that operates beyond all these, an intangible manifestation that reflects the ethos or climate of the university. In Bolman and Deal's (2003) terms, "what is most important is not what happens but what it means." In SCG and BSA's case, this frame is portrayed by the interpersonal relationship that the officers have towards the other members and towards themselves as well. This particular fame of leadership helps the leaders recompose themselves for the sake of the whole organization's benefit. The fact is that this is the easiest issue that needs to be dealt with in Bryant University. Meanwhile, the structural frame emphasizes the importance of formal roles and relationships. "Structures-commonly depicted by means of organizational charts-are created to fit an organization's environment and technology" (Bolman and Deal). The focus is on organizational direction and goals, roles, policies, procedures and co-ordination and planning. The structural processes in the school provide the medium by which clarification of direction, roles and documentation of policies and procedures can be communicated and undertaken and, therefore, is a means by which the vision of the organization is put into practice. In the Senior Class Gift Case, the structural frameworks for organizational planning are created to show the direction, roles, policies and procedures. The SCG is coordinated and systematically managed through a process of collaboration, in which goal-setting, policy-making, planning, budgeting, implementing and evaluating are integrated. However, the result seemed to lead to unsystematic, fragmented processes which have caused frustration and ineffectiveness when dealing with other organizations in Bryant. To be able to see closely on the issue's solution, this case analysis paper shall make use of the HR Frames and The Political Frame to be able to see what other reasons are there for the failures of the two major organizations being discussed. The treatment to the problem shall be based upon Bolman and Deal's (2003) Reorganization of key concepts embodied in leadership theory into the different categories of structural arrangements of organizations. Indeed, it is believed by the author of this paper that one of the key solutions to this particular problem is to examine the capabilities of the

A news feature story about Indiana Universitys effort to control Essay

A news feature story about Indiana Universitys effort to control student costs by making it more likely that students will graduate on time - Essay Example According to Mr.McRobbie, the program will allow qualified students to receive on-time completion award equal to any increase in tuition and fees that they could otherwise have incurred during their final two years in the university. The program will also allow any qualifying student who has not graduated to pay the current tuition and fee according to the current rates for any time at Indiana University beyond their fourth year. This move is seen as a step aimed at encouraging students to graduate in four years without having to incur excessive debt. To eco this, McRobbie said †this award makes two things clear: that we are serious about holding down the cost of an IU degree, and that we are equally serious about providing tools and incentives to help students stay on course for on-time degree completion.†. He continued to state, â€Å"The University has clearly put into consideration both the students and families message that to them, cost matters when pursuing a degr ee course. Our efforts in trying to keep our degrees at affordable standards will not only improve will not only improve on graduation time rates, but also lower the cost of the degree.† The university has not only sought to reduce the tuition costs alone. It has instituted a financial literacy program for students. The move was welcome by students who saw it as a great relief from the backlog of academic tuitions as well as instilling more knowledge on their financial understanding. Most of the students in their final years of their study previously, were not exempted from class work. â€Å"This move by the university comes as a relief to most students who are on their final years of their studies with minimal work to cover. Indeed, mostly, students at this stage of their program rarely attend classes,† Said the Universities’ student spokesperson in an interview. â€Å"At least, we now can position ourselves as students with enough information on financial literacy† he states.

Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle in APA Style Essay

Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle in APA Style - Essay Example Plato founded the Academy (approximately in 385 b.c.) in Akademeia, Greece where Aristotle studied. Plato used Socrates as a character in many of his dialogue writings. There is an issue known as the "Socratic problem" as it is not known in Plato's dialogue writings how much of the content is from the point of view of Socrates or from Plato since Socrates was not a writer. Plato was greatly influenced by Socrates' teachings and ideas so many of his dialogues were most likely borrowed or adapted for these teachings. Aristotle was a student of Plato. He taught what he knew to Alexander the Great. Aristotle, Plato, and Socrates were the three most well known influential ancient Greek philosophers. They laid the foundations of Western philosophy. Aristotle wrote on subjects such as poetry, physics, logic, government, ethics, zoology, politics, etc. Currently, the fields of mathematics, computer science, and law are more likely considered as branches of logic. (Wikipedia, Last Modified 2006.) The definition also includes "As a formal science, logic investigates and classifies the structure of statements and arguments, both through the study of formal systems of inference and through the study of arguments in natural language. The scope of logic can, therefore, be very large, ranging from core topics such as the study of fallacies and paradoxes to specialized analyses of reasoning such as probability, correct reasoning and arguments involving causality. Logic has been known as a set of rules that mak e up correct thinking. Logic is also commonly used today in argumentation theory." There have been many disputes regarding the true nature of logic. As there are many different philosophies, there are many discussions relating to this topic and because philosophies have many different views, arguments usually arise. An argument is defined as "a connected series of statements or propositions, some of which are intended to provide support, justification or evidence for the truth of another statement or proposition.  Ã‚  

What Are Presidentialism And Parliamentarism Concepts Politics Essay

What Are Presidentialism And Parliamentarism Concepts Politics Essay Different countries in the world have got their own political system in order to have their countries run and organized and most of them belong to two major systems, namely presidential and parliamentary system and with their own unique characteristics. The presidential and parliamentary systems have lots of different characteristics in their nature and practical running, and each of them have their own virtues and vices. Facing the change of the world political situation and the new democracies, they have got their own advantages to the development of the new democracies; however, there is no universal answer for all the countries in world of which system is more suitable for their new democracies. For presidentialism, it is a system which gives the president the most power in the ruling of the country.((((Find sources / define))). The president usually centralized the political power and symbolic power in his own hand.(CITATION) For political power, he has got a cabinet who is responsible for him and helping him to make various kinds of decisions in different matters, including both daily routines decisions and some important decisions like declaring wars and appointing the government officials, he has got the highest power in executing the policies in a country. For the symbolic power of the president, he represents a state.(CITE) He would be responsible for most of the external issues, like expressing the stand point and the view of a country towards a specific issue, receiving the foreign ambassadors and visiting the other countries in order to promote the country and establish different kinds of networks, including the strategic and economic ones. Like for the president of the United States, the country which is the representative of the presidentialism, Obama, he has been viewed as the symbol of United States nowadays. He has to represent the United States to attend different international conferences like the G20 Seoul Summit in 2010(Cite) and he has recently visited 4 countries in Asia and India. He has to do these visits in order to promote the States interests and establish links and relationships with other countries. The most significant characteristic of the presidential system is the separation of power. The power of legislative and executive is separated and they are independent from each other. There are different elections for electing the members of the executive and legislative branches respectively and hence the two branches may be controlled by different political parties. The parliamentary system is another major political system accounting for around 30% of all the governments (p.42) in the modern world and the assembly is allowed to remove the government (p.34). The parliamentary system has major characteristics of the fusion of power which the legislative and executive power was hold by the same body. The symbolic and the political power in the parliamentary system is, unlike the presidential system, separated in two separate individuals and the two individuals are usually called the head of state and chief executive and the title is subject to change in different countries.(Cite). The example of head of state in the modern states include the Queen of England, Elizabeth II, the Emperor of Japan, Akihito (cite?) and their function is to symbolize the state and responsible for the external issues like receiving ambassadors and performing many of the ceremonial tasks. Some of the head of state is chosen by succession and the others are usually chosen by a governmental body like the legislature.(Cite) The chief executive is responsible for the other part of the country management, he is the chief of the executive branch, and he is responsible for the policymaking and also the daily operation of the government. The chief executive is usually come from the majority party in the parliament, however when there is not a majority political party, there may be a coalition government governing the state, like in Britain. Not 100% of the democratic form of government is of parliamentary and presidential system. In 2000, around 20% of the government in democratic systems is of mixed system, containing both the characteristics of parliamentary and presidential system.(Cite)(p.43). Both the parliamentary and presidential system has its own virtues and vices and it explain why there are different countries supporting different system based on their situation and their historical background and real needs. However, they do not have absolute virtues and vices, there are only comparatively advantages. The first virtue of the parliamentary system is the enforceability of its promises to their supporters and citizens. The parliamentary government has a structural advantage hence it could pass its decision more quickly. As mentioned above, the executive cabinet was chosen within the parliament and it is usually dominated by a majority party. Hence, whenever the government proposes some new policies, the legislators which most of them are in the same party or same line with the government will support and vote for the policies, the policies proposed by the parliamentary government would have a much higher chance and less resistance to be executed. (cite?) However, the parliamentary system has a vice which is also because of its structure. Since the government is elected and chosen by the parliament, the power of parliament is strong enough to turn over the government. The parliamentary system offers no job security (cite). The chief executive will lose his position if the policies he proposed is not favored by the legislators, hence, the policies made by the parliamentary government would be more conservative if there is not an absolute majority party. Also, the quality of the policies does not have promise since they are less challenged and discussed by the legislators. The fast pace of making decision cannot ensure the quality of the decisions made. On the other hand, the presidential system has also got its own virtues and vices. The virtue of the presidential system is that there is separation of powers and hence the legislative branch would be able to check the power and the acts by the executive branch. Hence, there will be less chance for the executive branch to carry out policies which do not get public consensus and high popularity. The legislative branch can act as a defendant of the public when the government exercises unreasonable policies. The discussion and challenges from the legislature would also bring more opinion and thoughts to the government and higher quality and more rounded policies can be made. Secondly, the presidential system ensure the stability of the executive branch since the two branches are separated and independent to each other, hence, the legislature cannot dissolve the cabinet as in the parliamentary system. Both the legislators and president have fixed term and this encourages them to plan for longer terms of policies since there is certainty. However, there are also vices for the presidential system which is because of its characteristics of having check and balance. The check and balance can achieve better policies; on the other hand, it takes much more time to pass. Since the challenges and discussion in the legislature usually takes a long time. Moreover, since there are different elections for electing the legislators and the cabinet, there may not be a party able to control both branches. Hence, it will be difficult for policies to be passed in the legislature if there are not enough allies. This also hindered the development of the country to a certain extent which the discussion will slow down the pass of some urgent policies. The virtues and vices of both of the political systems are not absolute and they may change over different time and different situation. Under the globalization process and the influence of countries among each other, there are now new democracies emerging in the world politics and they often face the dilemma of choosing a right political system. The parliamentary system will be more suitable for the new democracies because of the following points. Firstly, the newly developed democratic countries would usually have a common characteristic which there would be a variety of interests in the public. For example, there may be a lot of different clans or races, different opinions over how should the government implement its economic and public policies. The parliamentary system would be more suitable in this situation since there will be more voices able to speak for their own interest in the parliament and also the government which is elected from the parliament. The members in the parliament who share the executive power may have different backgrounds and hence would be able to reflect their supporters opinion. The prime minister would not be able to bias for his own interest since he will be put off if he does not content the legislature especially when there is not a dominant party. More different voices can appear in the political system in parliamentary system. Secondly, the executive branch in the parliamentary system is elected and chosen by the legislators and they gain certain extent of support from the legislators, in the new democratic countries, the prime minister and the legislators may have promised the voters and supports a lot in order to gain their support and also to strengthen the newly developed countries. Through the parliamentary system and its characteristics, the promises made by the politicians in the campaign can be easier realized since the policies proposed by the prime minister will get support from the legislators who have certain extent of consensus with the government. The system can also ensure the prime minister to carry out his promises since the parliament was given enough power to dissolve the cabinet; hence the prime minister will act according to his promise or in the legislators favor in order to gain support. Moreover, the new democratic countries are usually underdeveloped or developing countries like countries in Asia, Africa, Latin America, and Eastern Europe. These countries, other than developing a new democratic society in their land, also have to develop their economic and diplomatic strength in order to occupy a place in todays world. Under these circumstances, these countries need a strong and efficient government to lead the people and also the country to catch up the developed countries in the world. In terms of efficiency, the parliamentary system will be much better than the presidential system. The law making and policy making process would be much smoother and shorter in time since there are much larger consensus between the legislative branch and the executive cabinet than that in the presidential system, which has to go through a long period of debate and challenges. Now in the parliamentary system, the good relationship between the two branches enable the government to p ass some urgent policies which may be crucial for the countrys development and can be more flexible in policy and law making in order to cope with this fast-changing world. Lastly a small but practical point, the parliamentary system requires fewer resources in holding elections. As mentioned above, the new democratic countries are usually developing countries which are limited in money and other resources like professionals for conducting and monitoring the elections. There is usually only one election for electing the parliamentary members and hence the members would form a government. It requires fewer resources when compared with the presidential system which usually requires two elections for electing the legislative and executive branch respectively. The resources saved can be used for developing the country in other aspects and they are important for a developing country. The parliamentary suits the new democracies more in a general situation like in the situation mentioned above. However, different countries have their own situation and other factors affecting which political system is better for themselves, like the historical background and the existence of monarchy and the influence of the major political figure. There is no universal answer for all countries in the world in which the presidential system could also be efficient; it all depends on the different situation and characteristics of the country and its people. It is a must to closely examine the countrys background in order to decide which political system is better for it and would help its democratic development in the future.

Loneliness of Long Distan :: essays papers

Loneliness of Long Distan Born in Nottingham in 1928 to a working class family, serving in the Air Force, and going through many struggles, Alan Sillitoe is known as an effective representative of the English working class. Through his story "The Loneliness of the Long-Distance R unner" and the other stories contained within the book, Sillitoe effectively criticises the legal system of England, which deprives individualism from its people, is ineffective and interferes with people's lives. His stories "Uncle Ernest," "On Saturday Afternoon, and "The Loneliness of the Long-Distance Runner" show these themes. The issues presented still are pertinent today. Sillitoe effectively criticises the legal system in "Uncle Ernest." Uncle Ernest is a working-class lonely man who lives an isolated, despondent existence. Joan and Alma, whom he befriends, are very poor and in need of a father figure. Ernest has lost all of his old friends. His family has left him. He is need of company. He can no longer cover up his loneliness like he covers up the sofas he re-upholsters for a living. Ernest buys food for them, clothes, and gifts. All three are happy in the rela tionship they have with one-another. However, one day, he was told, "Now look here, we don't want any more trouble from you, but if ever we see you near those girls again, you'll find yourself up before a magistrate" (57). Ernest is deprived his life, w hat makes him happy. He is deprived the only friendship he has because the unwritten social code suggests that a man such as himself befriending young girls as such means that he is a paedophile. The detectives interfere with his life. Sillitoe shows t he legal system not only makes false assumptions, but goes by an unwritten social code that is accusational. The issue of conformity is central; Ernest is not a "normal" member of society, therefore he is further ostracised. In "On Saturday Afternoon," Sillitoe's narrative is of an account of a bloke hanging himself. The man survived. When found by a copper, he was told, "Its against the law." "It ain't your life. And it's a crime to take your own life. It's killing your self. Its suicide." (103). The legal system is ineffective; the man proved to the coppers whose life it was. He jumped out of a hospital window to his death. Furthermore, the legal system is questioned. In this almost spooky

A Day of Happy Moments

Pleasure is something which satisfies our senses but happiness is something deep seated. It is something which is much nearer to our soul. A hot cup of coffee on a chilly day would surely bring pleasure and not happiness. Now I shall say when I was very happy. Even from my early days, I used to take interest in games. My elder brothers used to take me to the sports and matches. Whenever I saw the victors receiving trophies, I eagerly wished that I must be on the victory stand one day. As I came to the secondary school, I took interest in long distance running. With some boys of my class, I used to take to the track and run. In one of the inter-school competitions I came first in the one kilometer race. This gave me not only satisfaction but also encouraged me to put in more and more effort. I was regularly on the track practicing. I learnt the techniques from my physical instructor. From one kilometer I Learnt slowly to run two kilometers within three minutes. The day when I can do it, is still far-off. Still unceasingly I practice long distance running. The Inter-district Sports Meet of the schools came and I was selected for 1000 meter race. It was a red letter day in my life. The event was announced and along with five others, I was standing on the track. Hundreds of people were looking at us. We were set on the mark and the gun went off. I started steadily and knew that I must have spare energy for the last lap. It was a three round business. In the first two rounds, I kept myself the second or third. In the third round, Picked up speed and was running like a colt, left others far behind and breasted the tape in the record time. The excitement was so much that I was almost unconscious for a few minutes. Then I ran to the victory stand. My joy knew no bounds when my name was announced first and I took the salute. It was the glorious day and I enjoyed boundless happiness.

Treatment of People in Chronicle Essay Example

Treatment of People in Chronicle Essay Example Treatment of People in Chronicle Paper Treatment of People in Chronicle Paper Essay Topic: Chronicle Of a Death foretold The novel Chronicle of a death foretold by Gabrià ©l Garcà ­a Marquà ©z revolves around the death of Santiago Nasar, who is purported to have taken the virginity of his murderers’ sister. The way this man is treated by his killers as well as the members of the town points toward a more general phenomenon of culture that dictates how various types of people are treated in different situations. According to the events of this novel, within the Colombian context, women are treated in specific ways, as are men. The way relatives treat each other is also noteworthy, as it regards the solidarity of familial bonds and the upholding of honor within a particular family circle. The situations, issues, and coincidences of this story can be found to rely upon the policies regarding the treatment of others that tacitly yet inexorably exist within the culture of this Colombian town. Santiago’s murder is allowed to occur because of a specific form of treatment that is accorded to him by all those who reside in the town. Santiago’s death could have been prevented, but because of the sentiments that existed toward him, he is allowed to face his attackers in ignorance and unprepared. The people in the town demonstrate a high level of complexity in their treatment of Santiago. On the one hand, several of them considered him astute and powerful enough to take care of himself. Garcà ­a Marquà ©z writes, â€Å"No one even wondered whether Santiago Nasar had been warned, because it seemed impossible to all that he hadnt† (1984, p. 22). As a rich man, it is also possible that they treated him with respect and considered him well informed and invulnerable to attack. Both Divina Flor and Victoria Guzman, for instance, are knowledgeable concerning the impending murder and also have the opportunity to warn Santiago of his plight. However, these two wome n eventually do nothing, out of a belief that Santiago has everything under control. On the other hand, the people of the town are also highly steeped in a culture that demands honor of all who reside in their society. The possibility that Santiago could have been guilty of taking the virginity of an upstanding female citizen places him in the position of tyrant. Murder as a form of retribution to such a man who would ruin the chances of a woman to marry well and to elevate her head in society may have been considered by all who knew as precisely what he deserved. This analysis appears to be more conducive to the facts. The author even places these words in the mouth of one character: â€Å"there were few of us who didnt know that the Vicario twins were waiting for Santiago Nasar to kill him† (Garcà ­a Marquà ©z, 1984, p. 67). This highlights the fact that everyone in the town knew exactly what would happen to Santiago, yet not one of them makes it known to him. Furthermore, the attempts made by some of them to alert Santiago appear to be half-hearted at bes t. Even Colonel Lazaro Aponte who takes the knives from the young men also act in a fashion intended to deter only the most indecisive and spineless murderers. In reality, the citizens of the town treat Santiago as a convicted rapist sentenced to death, and this is proven in that they all come out to witness the murder as though they gather for an execution. In the end, Santiago is treated like an outcast against whom all of society has a personal grievance. The events of the novel are deemed plausible because of the culture that prevailed within the society Garcà ­a Marquà ©z portrays. The events of the novel turn out the way they do because of a combination of ways in which women are regarded and treated. The twins Pedro and Pablo Vicario are incensed by the fact that someone has taken the virginity of their sister because of the importance placed upon the purity of women in that society. If a woman is somehow shown to be impure, her respectability, along with that of her whole family, vanishes. The women themselves are treated with disgrace- as is Angela when she is beaten and forced to leave the town. Indeed, she is a woman, and in such a culture â€Å"they’ve been raised to suffer† (Garcà ­a Marquà ©z, 1984, p. 34). Without this respectability, she is treated like an outcast and is left without any chance of being honored with the request of marriage. She therefore loses her ability to move upward in life and becom es an old maid who, being unable to provide for herself, becomes a burden to her family. This is the prospect that Angela Vicario faces, and the extent of the disgrace to which she as a woman is to be subjected is mirrored by the drastic nature of the act performed by her brothers in an attempt to defend her honor. The men of the story are treated in a manner that places major responsibilities upon their heads. The responsibility for defending the honor of the family rests squarely upon the shoulders of the men within a given household. Marquà ©z writes of the Vicario family: â€Å"The brothers were brought up to be men. The girls were brought up to be married† (Garcà ­a Marquà ©z, 1984, p. 34). Such men who conform to what society expects of them are treated with honor. This can be seen in the way that the twins are treated before and after their murder of Santiago. These men, who know the worth of honor in their town, determine to kill Santiago. Yet, despite the fact that a murder is about to be committed, the townspeople (who believe so strongly in the need for men to defend their family’s honor) do hardly anything to prevent the fateful event from taking place. Even Prudencia Cotes vows never to marry her fiancà © Pablo Vicario if he fails to go through with the plan that would regain his family’s honor. The community’s good treatment of men who defend family honor is also demonstrated by the feeble penalties granted the two youths for Santiago Nasar’s gruesome murder. They are given only three years in the local prison- a sentence that acknowledges the evil of murder, but which also lauds the defense of the honor that was the motive for the murder. The treatment of people within Gabrià ©l Garcà ­a Marquà ©z’s novel Chronicle of a death foretold shows the town to be occupied by citizens overcome by an old-fashioned tradition of valor, dignity and honor. The fact that Santiago may have been responsible for taking a woman’s virginity causes him to be effectively ostracized from society, so that the news known by all of his impending murder is kept from him- to his detriment. The good faith and support of the community for the Vicario twins also demonstrates that society’s treatment of men, of whom honor is expected, and to whom respect is accorded when they demonstrate themselves willing and able to defend family honor. The treatment of women in this society also demonstrates itself in the strict lifestyles to which they are forced to adhere and the extreme measures that must be taken whenever their actions (or those of another) cause them to stray. References Garcà ­a Marquà ©z, G. (1984). Chronicle of a death foretold. New York: Ballantine Books.

Racism & Hate Crimes In America Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers

Racism & Hate Crimes In America Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers Racism & Hate Crimes In America Racism & Hate Crimes in America Blacks were introduced to American soil during the 17th and 18th centuries via the triangular trade route, and were welcomed by whips, chains, shackles, and all the horrors of slavery. Slavery was legitimized by our government and continued for a few hundred years, taking a civil war and sixteen presidents before it was abolished. To this day, there is still much hatred between blacks and whites despite emancipation, desegregation, and integration; some would argue that the condition of African Americans in the United States is still one of a subservient nature. Federal law defines a hate crime as whenever a victim is attacked on the basis of his or her race, ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, or gender; hate offenses are directed against members of a particular group simply because of their membership in that group (Levin 4). Last year, a black man was brutally murdered in east Texas by three young white males. There are over a hundred homicides committed every year, but the m anner in which this life was taken and the apparent motive of his perpetrators leaves no doubt that this crime was one rooted in hate. In this brutal murder, the motivation is obvious and clear-cut, the bigotry so blatant that it virtually hits you in the face. James Byrd Jr.'s death is America's shame: another man tortured for no reason- other than the color of his skin. This essay will use the Byrd murder to explore the cause and effects of hate crimes, and attempt to draw meaning from it so that a tragedy like this will not happen again. In the early morning of June 7, 1998, a black man was walking down a road in Jasper, Texas. James Byrd Jr. had just left a niece's bridal shower at his parents' house, and was trying to hitch a ride home. Three men drove by and the owner of the vehicle, Shawn Berry, offered Byrd a lift in the back of the pickup. Byrd, handicapped in one leg, didn't hesitate to accept the apparently kind gesture; little did he suspect his fate that was to follow. Angered, one of the passengers by the name of John King grabbed the wheel and drove to a dark deserted road outside of town. What happened thereafter undoubtedly has to be one of the most gruesome and horrifying crimes this country has seen since the day's slavery was legal. King and the final member of the trio, Lawrence Brewer, got out of the truck and began beating and kicking Byrd until he was nearly unconscious. Afterward, they chained him by his ankles to the back of the truck and dragged him so violently down the winding asphalt road, tearing off his head and right arm from his body. Police found Byrd's dentures torn from his mouth, lying a few hundred yards down the road from the rest of his body. Blood smeared a trail over a mile long. Research strongly suggests that hate crimes reported to the police have certain characteristics that distinguish them from other types of offenses. First, hate crimes tend to be excessively brutal; the hatred in such crimes is expressed when force is exercised beyond what is necessary to subdue victims or make them comply. Classifying the murder of James Byrd as brutal is definitely an understatement. A second characteristic of hate crimes is that they are often senseless or irrational crimes perpetrated at random on strangers. Finding a random black man walking down the road late at night and dragging him to death is not a common circumstance. Another characteristic of hate crimes is that they are usually perpetrated by multiple offenders; it is a group crime frequently carried out by young perpetrators operating together for the purpose of attacking the members of another group (Levin 16). The murder of James Byrd Jr. satisfies these characteristics, and unmistakably qualifies as a hate crime. Byrd's hometown of Jasper is a racially mixed town of 8,000 people located in a rural section of Texas; a Southern town with built in biases, but not racist. Despite of the nature of Byrd's murder, you cannot stereotype a community because of the actions of

Peer review Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

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Virginia Employment Laws Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

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